Hemoglobinometer.



No. 663,536. Patented Dec. n, 1900. s. L. FOX & :a s. CLARE.

HEMOGLOBINOMETER.

(Application filed Sept. 2'2, 1000.)

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No. 663,536. Patented Dec. ll, I900. S. L. FOX & E. S. CLARE.

HEMOGLOBINOMETER.

(Application filed Sept, 22, 1900.

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SAMUEL L. FOX, OF HAVERFORD, AND EDMUND S. CLARE, OF PHILADEL- PHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO THE QUEEN & COMPANY, OF PENN- SYLVANIA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 663,536, dated December 1 1, 1900. Application filed September 22, 1900. $erial No. 30,768. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, SAMUEL L. FOX, residing at Haverford, in the county of Montgomery, and EDMUND S. CLARE, residing at 2,139 South Hicks street, Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, citizens of the United States, have invented new and useful Improvements in Hemoglobinometers, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in hemoglobinometers, our purpose being to afford improved means or a device for ascertaining the amount or proportion of hemoglobin by a comparison of the color of the blood with a fixed standard color-for instance, of ruby glass of certain thickness. Our invention relates particularly to the making, disposing, and moving said piece or pieces of ruby glass of varying thickness, so that the required shade may be brought into juxtaposition with the blood specimen to be compared therewith.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of our device in operative position with the eyepiece toward the observer. Fig. 2 is a similar view with the eyepiece away from the observer. Fig. 3 is a detail of the porcelain disk holding the prisms of ruby glass. section on the line at 4 of Fig. 2 with the exception of the disk holding the ruby glass, which is shown in elevation. Fig. 5 is a detail of the blood-containing device.

Similar characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The method of comparing a solution of blood with a plate of ruby glass varying in thickness is described in patent to Fleischl von lWIarxow, No. 353,098, dated November 23, 1886. The ruby glass in this device consists of a wedge-shaped plate 72, supported by a transparent plate '5, which is adapted to be shifted longitudinally backward and forward by the rotation of a pinion, which operates upon a rod secured to the ruby glass and meshing with the pinion. A vessel b is provided with two compartments b and 12 one adapted to superimpose the ruby glass and the other to clear it, the former to be filled with clear water,while the latter is filled with blood diluted with water, and means are pro- Fig. 4 is a horizontal crossvided below for reflecting light through the two compartments, so that the wedge-shaped ruby glass may be moved forward or back ward to make the color coincide with that presented by the dilution. Now one objection to this device resides in thepossible errors in dilution and also in the difficulty in getting the compartment holding said dilution always filled to the same exact height, thus resulting in inaccuracy in reading. There is also more or less inconvenience in securing and transferring the exact amount of blood desired from the patient to the compartment.

It is among the objects of our invention to overcome some of these disadvantages.

Fig. 3 indicates a circular disk, preferably of porcelain or similar translucent substance, partially cut away or recessed to receive the prisms 4 and 5 of ruby glass, prism 4: beginning almost at a knife-edge at the point 6, gradually increasing in thickness to the line where it joins the prism marked 5, which latter begins at the same thickness as that at which 4: ends and continues increasing in thickness to its other extremity. Of course it is not necessary that the device should be limited to two pieces of ruby glass nor that each piece should be a prism. These pieces of ruby glass are so ground and disposed that the line of travel of aperture 7 over the said prisms as the disk is revolved-will be approximately upon the line of uniform increase and decrease between its maximum and minimum degrees of thickness. The periphery of that part of the disk 3 which is not recessed is provided with grad nations to indicate the position of said ruby glass, said graduations being visible through the aperture 8 in the periphery of the casings, as shown in Fig. 2. Said disk is pivotally supported in the casing at 9 and 10 and is rotated by turning the thumb-button 11, which is provided with a rubber wheel 12, which impinges upon the pe riphery of said disk. The aperture 13, (see Fig. 4,) which is in close proximity with aperture 7, is adapted to superimpose the bloodcontainer hereinafter to be described, which, together with the ruby glass, is illuminated by the flame of the standard candle 14. These two apertures are brought Within the proper vision of the eye by the telescoping tube 15, provided with a suitable lens in the eyepiece 16 thereof.

The blood-containeris composed as follows: Two plates 17 and 18, one preferably of porcelain and the other of glass, are secured in the block by the thumb-screw 20, which is adapted to be secured tothe casing 1 of our device and to hold the said plates 17 and 18 so that their lower ends will rest in front of the aperture 13. One of these plates say 17-is recessed or ground away across its lower end, so that when the two plates are placed together a slight slit 21 will be pro vided between the two for holding the film of blood to be examined. This slit is filled with the blood by simply ton ching said slitted end of the two plates to the drop of blood to be examined, and the same will be drawn in by capillary attraction. This, itis obvious, furnishes a simple means for procuring the blood and always presenting a film or volume of a uniform dimension, and since the volume is so thin in cross-section it is possible to examine the same without any dilution thereof, thus eliminating that element of inaccuracy contained in previously-patented devices.

The operation of our device is as follows: The telescoping tubes 15 are secured to a shade or lid 22, which is pivoted at 23 to the main casing of our device, so that the same when ready to be operated will swing around and bring the telescoping tube into range with the two apertures 7 and 13. The standard candle is suitably supported on the opposite side of said apertures. (shown in Fig. 5) is then filled with the blood to be examined and slipped into the position in front of the aperture 13. The eye is then directed through the telescoping tube to the two apertures 7 and 13, and the thumb-wheel 11 is rotated until the candle light shows through the ruby glass and the aperture 7 clearly with the same shade of color as it shows through the blood and aperture 13. When this has been accomplished, the graduations showing through the aperture 8 in casing 1 may be read and the amount of hemoglobin ascertained.

What we claim is 1. In a hemoglobinometer the combination with a suitable casing of a recessed translucent disk, rotatably supported within the easing and provided with a prism or plate of ruby glass having its line of approximately uniform increase and decrease between its maximum and minimum thickness approximately concentric with the lines of rotation of'the disk, substantially as described.

2. In a hemoglobinometer the combination of a casing, a translucent disk rotatably supported therein with a plurality of pieces of ruby glass attached thereto having an approximately uniform increase and decrease in thickness along lines concentric with the disk rotation, substantially as described.

3, In a hemoglobinometer the combination The blood-container of a casing, a translucent disk pivotally supported therein, pieces of ruby glass-supported on said disk having an approximately uniform increase and decrease in thickness upon lines concentric with the disk rotation, a receptacle for holding a film of fresh blood in juxtaposition with said ruby glass and two apertures in the casing close together, one adapted to super-impose the ruby glass, the other the film of blood, with means for illuminating said glassand blood upon the opposite side, substantially as described.

4. In a hemoglobinometer the combination of an apertured casing with a pivoted disk therein carrying sections of ruby glass having an approximately uniform increase in thickness along their lines of travel past the aperture in the disk-,with meansfor displaying a film of blood in juxtaposition with said aperture, said meansconsisting of two translucent plates, part of one being ground away to leave a thin space between the two for sucking the blood therein by capillary attraction, substantially as described.

5. In a hemoglobinometer the combination with a suitable casing of a recessed translucent disk, rotatably supported within the easing and provided with a prism ofruby glass having its line of uniform increase and decrease between its maximum and minimum thickness approximately concentric with the lines of rotation of the disk and a knurled thumb-wheel frictionally connected with the disk as man ually-operative means for rotating the disk, substantially as described.

6. In a hemoglobinometer the combination of a casing, a translucent disk pivotally supported therein, pieces of ruby glass support in juxtaposition with said ruby glass and two apertures in the casing close together, one adapted to superimpose the ruby glass, the other the film of blood, with means for illuminating said glass and blood upon the opposite side, and telescopic means detachably connected with the casing for concentrating the vision upon the said two apertures, substantially as described.

7. In a hemoglobinometer the combination of a casing, a translucent disk pivotally supported therein, pieces of ruby glass supported on said disk having a uniform increase and decrease in thickness upon lines approximately concentric with the disk rotation, a receptacle for holding a film of fresh blood in juxtaposition with said ruby glass andtwo apertures in the casing close together, one adapted to superimpose the ruby glass, the other the film of blood, with means for illuminating said glass and blood upon the opposite side, telescoping means connected with the casing for concentrating the vision upon the said two apertures and a folding shield pivotally secured to the casing adapted to apertures in the casing close together, one adapted to superimpose the ruby glass, the other the film of blood, with means for illuminating said glass and blood upon the opposite side, said disk provided with graduations upon a portion of its periphery with an apertu re in the periphery of the casing to disclose 20 the same, substantially as described.

SAMUEL L. FOX. EDMUND S. CLARE. Witnesses:

MAE HOFFMANN, JNo. STOKES ADAMS. 

